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Report 20241015A

Date

October 15, 2024

Administration

Joe Biden

Location

Israel

Was 4(a)(1) Triggered? (Hostilities/Imminent Hostilities)

No, as described in/inferred from report

Was 4(a)(2) Triggered? (Combat- Equipped Introduction)

Yes, described in/inferred from report

Was 4(a)(3) Triggered? (Substantial Enlargement)

No, as described in/inferred from report

Joint/Coalition Mission

No

Article 51 Report to UN

Not applicable because no self-defense claim

Constitutional Caveat

No

Details: N/A

Classified Annex Reported

No

Purpose/Mission

Respond to threat

Details: “United States forces will remain postured in the region to serve important national interests, including the protection of United States persons and property from attacks by Iran and Iranian-aligned militias, and to continue to support the defense of Israel, to which our commitment remains ironclad.”

Domestic Legal Authority

Constitution (Art. II)

Details: “I directed this action consistent with my responsibility to protect United States persons and interests abroad and in furtherance of United States national security and foreign policy interests, pursuant to my constitutional authority as Commander in Chief and Chief Executive and to conduct United States foreign relations.”

Claimed International Legal Basis

Consent of territorial state

Details: “aid in Israel’s defense”

Estimated Scope/Duration

Mission-bound but indeterminate

Details: “while this defensive posture is deemed warranted”

Type of Enemy or Mission

Nation-state

Details: “to protect Israel from Iranian and Iranian-aligned threats”; “aid in Israel’s defense against these attacks and any further such attacks”

Military Activity

Air operations Use of naval forces/vessels Support to other activities

Details: “I directed the deployment to Israel of a ballistic missile defense system and United States service members capable of operating it to defend against any further ballistic missile attacks”

US Casualties Reported

Unknown

Non-US Casualties Reported

Unknown

Reporting as it Relates to Termination Clock

N/A because not a hostilities-triggered report